为什么长期不发烧的人更容易患癌症？
概要
最近，发表在美国国家科学院杂志上的一项研究表明，发烧可以提高CD8+效应T细胞的线粒体质量和代谢活性，改善线粒体翻译能力，并明显增强抗肿瘤能力。研究人员指出，当人体受到感染时，体内的CD8+ T细胞被激活并转化为活跃的效应T细胞。同时，效应T细胞分泌大量的细胞因子和细胞毒性分子，抑制病原体，发挥抗肿瘤作用。总的来说，发热可以优化CD8+效应T细胞的代谢过程，提高抗肿瘤能力。在今后的临床肿瘤治疗中，适当提高患者的体温可能是一种有效的辅助治疗方式。
Why people not having a fever long time are more susceptible to cancer?
Why people not having a fever long time are more susceptible to cancer?People who do not have a fever for a long time not only have low immunity, but are also more susceptible to cancer?
Many people have only a runny nose, cough, and rarely fever when they catch a cold. Is the risk of cancer in this group of people higher than the average person?According to the latest research, fever may make people more resistant to cancer.
1. Long-term non-fever = low body immunity?
The body temperature of a normal adult is around 37°C, because the human brain has a body temperature regulation center. Therefore, no matter how the external environment changes, heat production and heat dissipation can be balanced and kept at a constant temperature. However, when the heat source is generated, the body’s heat production will increase, resulting in delayed heat dissipation, causing the body temperature to exceed the normal range and causing fever.
Pyrogenic sources can be divided into exogenous pyrogens and endogenous pyrogens. Exogenous pyrogens mainly include microbial pathogens, inflammatory exudates, sterile necrosis and antigen-antibody complexes; endogenous pyrogens mainly include interleukins , Tumor necrosis factor, interferon and other leukocyte pyrogens. When fever occurs, the body temperature rises, which will kill most harmful microorganisms, increase the number of immune cells and improve immunity. Therefore, fever is a self-protection mechanism of the body.
So, does it mean that people who do not have a fever for a long time have lower immunity? it’s not true.
People who do not have a fever for a long time indicate that the immune system is strong, and viruses and bacteria are killed in the budding period, and there is no time to trigger the fever mechanism. Another situation is that people who do not have a fever for a long time pay attention to health preservation and have strong body resistance, so the chance of viruses and bacteria invading is relatively small.
2. People who do not have a fever for a long time are more likely to get cancer?
Recently, a study published in the journal PNAS showed that fever can enhance the mitochondrial quality and metabolic activity of CD8+ effector T cells, improve mitochondrial translation capabilities, and significantly enhance anti-tumor capabilities.
This research is led by Professor Erika L. Pearce of the Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics in Germany, and is of great significance for tumor immunotherapy.
The researchers pointed out that when the body is infected, the CD8+ T cells in the body are activated and transformed into active effector T cells. At the same time, effector T cells secrete a large number of cytokines and cytotoxic molecules, inhibit pathogens, and play an anti-tumor effect.
Therefore, the researchers put forward the hypothesis: fever will have a beneficial effect on the metabolic reprogramming of CD8+ effector T cells and change cell function. In order to verify the hypothesis, the researchers conducted an in vitro cell culture experiment.
At 37°C and 39°C, the researchers used anti-CD3/CD28 to activate CD8+ T cells in vitro. It was found that at a temperature of 39°C, more IFN-γ and glucose metabolism-related molecules were produced than at a temperature of 37°C, and mitochondrial activity was also significantly enhanced.
Next, the researchers conducted experiments in mice. Through physical heating, the body temperature of the mice was increased. The results showed that the mitochondrial mass of TE cells in the mice and 2-NBDG related to glucose metabolism were significantly up-regulated, which was consistent with the results of the in vitro cell culture experiment.
In general, studies have shown that fever can optimize the metabolic process of CD8+ effector T cells and improve anti-tumor ability. In the future clinical tumor treatment, appropriately raising the patient’s body temperature may be an effective way of adjuvant treatment.
3. Can covering the quilt really reduce the fever if I have a fever?
In life, many people get chills when they have a fever. When they get cold, they are covered with a thick quilt, thinking that they can promote sweating and achieve the purpose of cooling down. In fact, this method is effective when an adult has a low-grade fever caused by a cold.
But in high fever, covered with a thick quilt, prone to collapse and convulsions after a lot of sweating. Especially in children with fever, this method should not be used. Because the child’s own body temperature regulation mechanism is not yet mature, the thicker the quilt, the faster the body temperature will rise, which may cause convulsions, convulsions, and even shock, which is very dangerous.
So, what is the correct way to reduce fever?
Adult
When you feel visibly hot, you can take your body temperature first. If it’s just a low-grade fever, and the body temperature is below 38.5℃, there is no other obvious discomfort, and you don’t need to take antipyretics; if the body temperature is above 38.5℃, you can soak the towel on your forehead, change it frequently, or use a concentration of 25%-50% Concentrated alcohol wipes the bath, and you can also drink plenty of water to dissipate heat and cool down.
Child
If the body temperature is around 37-38°C, parents do not need to rush the child’s fever and can ask the child to drink more water. When the body temperature rises to about 38-38.5℃, you can soak the towel and rub the whole body to speed up the heat dissipation, or soak in warm water for 10-15 minutes, once every 4-6 hours.
When the body temperature rises above 38.5°C, it is necessary to consider giving the child a fever-reducing medicine. When the body temperature exceeds 39°C, it is already a high fever, and you should go to the hospital for treatment in time.
Finally, the expert would like to remind everyone that although studies have found that fever may inhibit cancer, we must not blindly, in order to reduce the risk of cancer or treat cancer, deliberately let ourselves have a fever, so as not to damage our health.
文章来源：Medical Trend
